Communism and Democracy: Italy to Chile ... the hands of Julio Anguita
By Mario Amorós
My song is from the scaffolding to reach the stars
Victor Jara - Manifesto
F ue to mid- 90. In one of his last speeches as general secretary of the Communist Party of Spain in the annual festival that took place then in Madrid's Casa de Campo, Julio Anguita we asked the thousands who heard him: "What has won the Italian people with the demise of the Communist Party? ". A few years earlier had the great PCI opted for its transformation into a social democratic party (although a minority was Rifondazione) and in Italy and Silvio Berlusconi ruled clearly perceived the rise of the xenophobic Northern League of Umberto Bossi and the National Alliance of Gianfranco Fini, heir Fascist Italian Social Movement.
The Italian Communist Party, the organization of Antonio Gramsci Palmiro Togliatti Luigi Longo Enrico Berlinguer, the most powerful PC in Western Europe, which brought together leading intellectuals and millions of workers, the soul of struggle against fascism during World War II, was unable to face the crisis that ended with the disappearance Soviet Union triggered the transition to capitalism in Eastern Europe. When held in Rimini from 31 January to 3 February 1991 the Twentieth Congress of the PCI, this party had 1,265,000 members and had just obtained 23.8% in provincial elections last year. That Congress approved the dissolution of the PCI and its mutation in the Social Democratic Party of the Left, which in 1998 became known Democrats of the Left and in 2007 formed along with other forces of the Democratic Party.
PCI's decision served the large European media and the powers to require the communist parties to emulate the example of Italy. In Spain, the PCE in the XIII Congress decided that it retains its full meaning the existence of a communist political force and the struggle for socialism. It was not easy to challenge the hurricane that proclaimed the "end of history", the final victory of capitalism.
Today in Italy the triumvirate Berlusconi-Bossi-Fini maintains one of the most reactionary governments in Europe, which criminalize ethnic minorities (mainly Roma) and seeks to migrants in an irregular situation, by virtue of legislative reform promoted in 2008 by Interior Minister Roberto Maroni, a member of the Northern League. And, as in a nightmare This returns us to the 20 and 30 of the last century, groups with fascist symbols back to "monitor" the streets of some cities. The rise of populism Berlusconi and his alliance with fascism XXI century can not be understood without the disappearance of the PCI, the current crisis of Communist Refoundation and the gradual disappearance of the historical memory of the heroic resistance against fascism. The question that a starry night in September we did Julio Anguita retains all its validity.
PCI, while the leaders of his party headed toward suicide in Chile Aylwin's victory in the presidential elections in December 1989 precipitated the end of the dictatorship. In those days Communist Party launched a public campaign to win back the law, with the hammer and sickle that created José Balmes. The motto of the campaign ("Chile needs a Communist Party") must have crossed the ocean and resonated in the consciousness of the Italian comrades, who could only have reason to be proud of the history of his party.
On January 13, 1990, thousands of people arrived at the Estadio Santa Laura, which Gladys Marin outlined the major challenges that the left should take to the next stage: a new constitution, democratization of the armed forces, the repeal of labor law dictatorship democratic electoral law, truth, justice and memory in human rights ... "And today, after 16 years of dictatorship, where we have not only survived, but we lived to fight" said Gladys, "we have political strength, moral strength to say to all of Chile, here we are ready to continue fighting for the happiness of our people, for the right to be free and dignified. Chile declare to all that the Communist Party comes to the legality ... Emerge from the underground hard to involve us in new storms. Emerge with Neruda's poetry and songs of Victor Jara, emerge with the new hammer and sickle that has given us José Balmes, full of colors and beautiful lines. Emerge as true patriots, starting this new way. "
Twenty years after these words, the Communist Party has three deputies and their contribution will be decisive for the period beginning on March 11 last only four years. Here, in Europe, many have been compared in recent days with Silvio Berlusconi Sebastián Piñera (both have a very important football team, television, an immense fortune ...). Berlusconi already know everything: their reactionary policies, his anti-foul, his ties with the Mafia, his disregard for democratic values \u200b\u200b... Without the disappearance of the PCI and current weakness of the left could not succeed.
Piñera, however, will face a human rights movement succeeded in the arrest of Pinochet in London and processing in Spain and Chile, as well as hundreds of repressors in recent years, a growing left with values \u200b\u200band historical principles up, and a labor and union movement strengthened in recent years around the United Workers Central.
Rebellion has posted this article at the express request of the author, respecting their freedom to publish it elsewhere.
By Mario Amorós
My song is from the scaffolding to reach the stars
Victor Jara - Manifesto
F ue to mid- 90. In one of his last speeches as general secretary of the Communist Party of Spain in the annual festival that took place then in Madrid's Casa de Campo, Julio Anguita we asked the thousands who heard him: "What has won the Italian people with the demise of the Communist Party? ". A few years earlier had the great PCI opted for its transformation into a social democratic party (although a minority was Rifondazione) and in Italy and Silvio Berlusconi ruled clearly perceived the rise of the xenophobic Northern League of Umberto Bossi and the National Alliance of Gianfranco Fini, heir Fascist Italian Social Movement.
The Italian Communist Party, the organization of Antonio Gramsci Palmiro Togliatti Luigi Longo Enrico Berlinguer, the most powerful PC in Western Europe, which brought together leading intellectuals and millions of workers, the soul of struggle against fascism during World War II, was unable to face the crisis that ended with the disappearance Soviet Union triggered the transition to capitalism in Eastern Europe. When held in Rimini from 31 January to 3 February 1991 the Twentieth Congress of the PCI, this party had 1,265,000 members and had just obtained 23.8% in provincial elections last year. That Congress approved the dissolution of the PCI and its mutation in the Social Democratic Party of the Left, which in 1998 became known Democrats of the Left and in 2007 formed along with other forces of the Democratic Party.
PCI's decision served the large European media and the powers to require the communist parties to emulate the example of Italy. In Spain, the PCE in the XIII Congress decided that it retains its full meaning the existence of a communist political force and the struggle for socialism. It was not easy to challenge the hurricane that proclaimed the "end of history", the final victory of capitalism.
Today in Italy the triumvirate Berlusconi-Bossi-Fini maintains one of the most reactionary governments in Europe, which criminalize ethnic minorities (mainly Roma) and seeks to migrants in an irregular situation, by virtue of legislative reform promoted in 2008 by Interior Minister Roberto Maroni, a member of the Northern League. And, as in a nightmare This returns us to the 20 and 30 of the last century, groups with fascist symbols back to "monitor" the streets of some cities. The rise of populism Berlusconi and his alliance with fascism XXI century can not be understood without the disappearance of the PCI, the current crisis of Communist Refoundation and the gradual disappearance of the historical memory of the heroic resistance against fascism. The question that a starry night in September we did Julio Anguita retains all its validity.
PCI, while the leaders of his party headed toward suicide in Chile Aylwin's victory in the presidential elections in December 1989 precipitated the end of the dictatorship. In those days Communist Party launched a public campaign to win back the law, with the hammer and sickle that created José Balmes. The motto of the campaign ("Chile needs a Communist Party") must have crossed the ocean and resonated in the consciousness of the Italian comrades, who could only have reason to be proud of the history of his party.
On January 13, 1990, thousands of people arrived at the Estadio Santa Laura, which Gladys Marin outlined the major challenges that the left should take to the next stage: a new constitution, democratization of the armed forces, the repeal of labor law dictatorship democratic electoral law, truth, justice and memory in human rights ... "And today, after 16 years of dictatorship, where we have not only survived, but we lived to fight" said Gladys, "we have political strength, moral strength to say to all of Chile, here we are ready to continue fighting for the happiness of our people, for the right to be free and dignified. Chile declare to all that the Communist Party comes to the legality ... Emerge from the underground hard to involve us in new storms. Emerge with Neruda's poetry and songs of Victor Jara, emerge with the new hammer and sickle that has given us José Balmes, full of colors and beautiful lines. Emerge as true patriots, starting this new way. "
Twenty years after these words, the Communist Party has three deputies and their contribution will be decisive for the period beginning on March 11 last only four years. Here, in Europe, many have been compared in recent days with Silvio Berlusconi Sebastián Piñera (both have a very important football team, television, an immense fortune ...). Berlusconi already know everything: their reactionary policies, his anti-foul, his ties with the Mafia, his disregard for democratic values \u200b\u200b... Without the disappearance of the PCI and current weakness of the left could not succeed.
Piñera, however, will face a human rights movement succeeded in the arrest of Pinochet in London and processing in Spain and Chile, as well as hundreds of repressors in recent years, a growing left with values \u200b\u200band historical principles up, and a labor and union movement strengthened in recent years around the United Workers Central.
Rebellion has posted this article at the express request of the author, respecting their freedom to publish it elsewhere.
